Learn how to use verbs in the past tense
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to AfrikaansPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 6 - Saying Congratulations in Afrikaans. Becky here. |
| Chesney: Hallo! I'm Chesney. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use verbs in the past tense. The conversation takes place at a family function. |
| Chesney: It's between Johan and Daleen. |
| Becky: The speakers are family members. Therefore, they’ll speak informal Afrikaans. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Johan: Hallo Daleen. Baie geluk met jou graad! |
| Daleen: Dankie Johan, ek het gister my papiere gekry. |
| Johan: Ek het jou eergister nog 'n epos gestuur oor die partytjie. |
| Daleen: Ek wou jou nog laat weet, my ma het my gewys. |
| Johan: Ek het lank terug my graad gekry. |
| Daleen: Dit kan nie so lank al wees nie? |
| Johan: Dit is seker nou al 12 jaar terug! |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Johan: Hallo Daleen. Baie geluk met jou graad! |
| Daleen: Dankie Johan, ek het gister my papiere gekry. |
| Johan: Ek het jou eergister nog 'n epos gestuur oor die partytjie. |
| Daleen: Ek wou jou nog laat weet, my ma het my gewys. |
| Johan: Ek het lank terug my graad gekry. |
| Daleen: Dit kan nie so lank al wees nie? |
| Johan: Dit is seker nou al 12 jaar terug! |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Johan: Hello, Daleen. Congratulations on your degree! |
| Daleen: Thanks, Johan, I got my papers yesterday. |
| Johan: I sent you the email about the party the day before yesterday. |
| Daleen: I wanted to let you know; my mom showed me. |
| Johan: I got my degree a long time ago. |
| Daleen: Can it be that long? |
| Johan: It's already about 12 years ago! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Oh, they’re having a party! |
| Chesney: I guess it’s to celebrate Daleen graduating. |
| Becky: Probably. It’s quite common for families to have parties to celebrate events like that. |
| Chesney: That’s right. |
| Becky: What other reasons are there for family parties in South Africa? |
| Chesney: Actually, many families in South Africa have reunions. |
| Becky: How often do they have these? |
| Chesney: Usually every year or every other year. |
| Becky: What type of party are they? |
| Chesney: They usually involve drinking and a braai - that’s a barbecue. |
| Becky: Do parents tell embarrassing stories about their children? |
| Chesney: Mothers usually do tell stories, yes! It’s also a good chance for cousins to get to know each other. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chesney: geluk [natural native speed] |
| Becky: congratulations |
| Chesney: geluk [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: geluk [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: papiere [natural native speed] |
| Becky: papers |
| Chesney: papiere [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: papiere [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: gestuur [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to send |
| Chesney: gestuur [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: gestuur [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: gewys [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to show |
| Chesney: gewys [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: gewys [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: gekry [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to get |
| Chesney: gekry [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: gekry [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: terug [natural native speed] |
| Becky: ago |
| Chesney: terug [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: terug [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: graad [natural native speed] |
| Becky: degree |
| Chesney: graad [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: graad [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: eergister [natural native speed] |
| Becky: the day before yesterday |
| Chesney: eergister [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: eergister [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: lank [natural native speed] |
| Becky: long |
| Chesney: lank [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: lank [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Chesney: nou [natural native speed] |
| Becky: already |
| Chesney: nou [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: nou [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chesney: nou al |
| Becky: meaning "already." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Chesney: It literally means “now all," but is used as “already.” |
| Becky: When can you use it? |
| Chesney: You can use it if you’re impatient and have been waiting. |
| Becky: Is it formal or informal? |
| Chesney: It can be used in both, but be careful with your intonation as it can sound disrespectful. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Chesney: Sure. For example, you can say, Dit is nou al seker vier jaar terug. |
| Becky: ...which means "It was probably already four years ago." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Chesney: lank terug |
| Becky: meaning "long ago." Is this used as a literal “long ago" or a more figurative one, like in fairy tales? |
| Chesney: It can be used for both. |
| Becky: Is it formal or informal? |
| Chesney: It can be used in both. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Chesney: Sure. For example, you can say, Ek het baie lank terug spookasem gehad. |
| Becky: ...which means "I had candy floss a really long time ago." |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use verbs in the past tense. |
| Becky: We briefly touched on this in lesson 1. |
| Chesney: That’s right, well remembered! |
| Becky: Let’s review what we learned then. |
| Chesney: To make the past tense, you have to add the prefix ge to the verb. |
| Becky: Let’s hear a couple of examples of this. |
| Chesney: For example, the present tense swem becomes geswem. |
| Becky: That’s “swim” and “swam," respectively. |
| Chesney: Another example is loop and geloop. |
| Becky: That is “walk” and “walked." |
| Chesney: Just remember to add ge! |
| Becky: Okay. Is that all? |
| Chesney: No, there’s one more thing you need to do. You have to add het after the person doing the action. |
| Becky: I think the best way of understanding this is by seeing it in action in a sentence. |
| Chesney: I agree. Ons het gister vis gevang. |
| Becky: “We caught fish yesterday.” |
| Chesney: Sy het verlede jaar in Japan gebly. |
| Becky: “She stayed in Japan last year.” When talking about the past, we often have to add an adverb to say when it happened. |
| Chesney: In Afrikaans, you can add an adverb after het. |
| Becky: Right. Can you give us an example sentence using “yesterday”? |
| Chesney: Sure. “Yesterday” is gister, so something like Ons het gister gestap in die berge. |
| Becky: “We were walking in the mountains yesterday.” Now, how about a sentence with “last week”? |
| Chesney: That is laas week. So, Hulle het laas week geland. |
| Becky: “They landed last week.” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Chesney: Baai. |
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