Learn how to give instructions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to AfrikaansPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1, Lesson 5 - Drive Carefully in South Africa! Becky here. |
| Chesney: Hallo! I'm Chesney. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about giving instructions. The conversation takes place at the bar. |
| Chesney: It's between Daleen and Nadia. |
| Becky: The speakers are co-workers. Therefore, they’ll speak informal Afrikaans. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Daleen: Jy moet nie vergeet om my te bel nie! |
| Nadia: Ek sal nie, jy moet onthou om stadig te ry. |
| Daleen: Hoekom, dink jy ek ry te vinning. |
| Nadia: Partykeer, jy moet asseblief nie jaag nie. |
| Daleen: Ek sal onthou. Jy moet ophou bekommer. |
| Nadia: Ek sal, as jy ophou jaag! |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Daleen: Jy moet nie vergeet om my te bel nie! |
| Nadia: Ek sal nie, jy moet onthou om stadig te ry. |
| Daleen: Hoekom, dink jy ek ry te vinning. |
| Nadia: Partykeer, jy moet asseblief nie jaag nie. |
| Daleen: Ek sal onthou. Jy moet ophou bekommer. |
| Nadia: Ek sal, as jy ophou jaag! |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Daleen: You should not forget to phone me! |
| Nadia: I won't; you should remember to drive slowly. |
| Daleen: Why, do you think I drive too fast? |
| Nadia: Sometimes. Please don't speed. |
| Daleen: I will remember. You must stop worrying. |
| Nadia: I will if you stop speeding. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: I think that many people may have had conversations similar to this one. |
| Chesney: Yeah, me too. Driving can be dangerous, especially if you’re driving too fast. |
| Becky: It can also be very dangerous if people drink before they drive. |
| Chesney: Yes, people definitely shouldn’t do that. |
| Becky: What are the laws in South Africa like regarding drinking and driving? |
| Chesney: The laws are very strict. |
| Becky: What’s a likely punishment if you’re caught drinking and driving? |
| Chesney: It’s possible that you’ll immediately be sent to prison. |
| Becky: Wow, really? |
| Chesney: Yes. There are also penalties against driving too fast. |
| Becky: So if you’ve been drinking in South Africa, take a taxi home. |
| Chesney: Yes. Om te drink en te bestuur is baie onverskillig. |
| Becky: That means “Drinking and driving is very reckless.” Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chesney: vergeet [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to forget |
| Chesney: vergeet [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: vergeet [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: onthou [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to remember |
| Chesney: onthou [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: onthou [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: stadig [natural native speed] |
| Becky: slowly |
| Chesney: stadig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: stadig [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: vinnig [natural native speed] |
| Becky: being in a rush |
| Chesney: vinnig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: vinnig [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: bekommer [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to worry |
| Chesney: bekommer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: bekommer [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: jaag [natural native speed] |
| Becky: speed(ing) |
| Chesney: jaag [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: jaag [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: ry [natural native speed] |
| Becky: drive |
| Chesney: ry [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: ry [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Chesney: partykeer [natural native speed] |
| Becky: sometimes |
| Chesney: partykeer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: partykeer [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And lastly... |
| Chesney: moet [natural native speed] |
| Becky: must |
| Chesney: moet [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chesney: moet [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chesney: ry te vinnig, ry te stadig |
| Becky: meaning "driving too fast,” “driving too slow." Now, there’s a word in this that we talked about in the last lesson. |
| Chesney: Well remembered! Te appears in this phrase twice. |
| Becky: It means “too.” |
| Chesney: It can be used with an adverb or adjective in both formal and informal situations. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Chesney: Sure. For example, you can say, Jy is te besig oor die naweek. |
| Becky: ...which means "You are too busy over the weekend." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Chesney: jy moet |
| Becky: meaning "you must." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Chesney: You can use jy moet when making a casual request. |
| Becky: Is there anything that we need to be aware of when using it? |
| Chesney: Be careful with your intonation so that you don’t sound disrespectful. |
| Becky: It can be used as an informal and friendly suggestion. |
| Chesney: Yes, and it can also be used as a direct formal instruction, so make sure your tone matches your meaning. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Chesney: Sure. For example, you can say, Jy moet nou gaan slaap. |
| Becky: ...which means "You have to go to sleep now." |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about giving instructions. |
| Becky: In English, we can do this using “must.” |
| Chesney: In Afrikaans, we use moet, which means “must.” |
| Becky: You have to be careful when giving instructions. You don’t want to sound more authoritative than intended. |
| Chesney: This is especially the case with moet, as it can be perceived as impolite. You can also add asseblief to make it more polite. |
| Becky: Okay, let’s hear some example sentences. |
| Chesney: Jy moet asseblief vanmiddag kom werk. |
| Becky: “Please, you must come to work this afternoon.” |
| Chesney: Jy moet asseblief nie weer laat wees nie. |
| Becky: “You must not be late again, please.” Now, let’s change the subject. Let’s look at the Afrikaans double negative. |
| Chesney: Afrikaans almost always uses a double negative. The first nie goes after the subject, and the second nie goes at the end of the sentence. |
| Becky: Let’s see some example sentences. First, an affirmative sentence. |
| Chesney: Ons is oppad stad toe. |
| Becky: “We are on the way to the city.” And now the same sentence, but made negative. |
| Chesney: Ons is nie oppad stad toe nie. |
| Becky: “We are not on the way to the city.” Let’s hear one more. |
| Chesney: Sy dink elke dag aan hom. |
| Becky: “She thinks of him every day.” |
| Chesney: Sy dink nie elke dag aan hom nie. |
| Becky: “She doesn’t think of him every day.” |
| Chesney: When you get to more advanced Afrikaans lessons, you’ll see that some short sentences don’t use the double negative, but don’t worry about that now. |
| Becky: Chesney only mentioned this so that you’re aware. To finish this lesson, we’ll learn some new vocabulary. A good way to learn new adjectives is to try and remember them in pairs of opposites, such as “hot” and “cold.” |
| Chesney: Those are warm and koud, respectively in Afrikaans. |
| Becky: What is “big” and “small?” |
| Chesney: Groot and klein. |
| Becky: And finally, how about “grumpy” and “friendly?” |
| Chesney: Nors and vriendelik |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Chesney: Baai. |
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